Answer: Due to this, a number of lagoons and lakes have formed. The modules are organized by the six topics listed below. These regions have soft alluvial soil which allows the rain water to seep down and recharge the underground water table. Question 17. Q.What does watershed management mean and aim at? This results in pollution of water whereby quality of water deteriorates affecting aquatic systems. What are the emerging water problems facing India? Question 2. In south India, tank irrigation is common. (c) Underground water is not always accessible and portable. (d) 5,000 Watershed management implies rational utilisation of land and water resources for optimum and sustained production, with the minimum of hazard to natural resources. Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP) is implemented by Department of Land Resources of Ministry of Rural Development. The other sources of surface water like lakes, ponds and tanks are utilized. Rainwater harvesting increases water availability, checks the declining groundwater table, improves the quality of groundwater, controls soil erosion and flooding. Ganga. Sustainable development is the development, which fulfills the needs of present generation without depriving the future generations from the benefits arising from the resources. Answer: Precipitation in India has spatio temporal variation, and it is mainly concentrated in Monsoon season. Why is there a great need for irrigation in India? Watershed management approaches are evolving throughout the country and are being used to solve tough problems. Answer: Answer: Question 4. Rain water harvesting is a method to capture and store rainwater for various uses. Ralegan Siddhi’ is a village in Maharashtra, which was under abject poverty. What is watershed management? (iv) Traditional rainwater harvesting mainly in rural areas is done by using surface storage bodies like lakes, ponds, irrigation tanks, etc. Answer: Terms of Service, Chapter 16 Class 10 - Sustainable Management of Natural Resources. It is the process of guiding and co-ordinating use of land and water resources in a watershed. Answer: The expanse of these rivers are broader and larger and receive heavy rainfall. Answer: Watershed is thus the land and water area, which contributes runoff to a common point. (OBSE 2011) Regular monitoring of water sources for quality. Which one of the following types describes water as a resource? Question 6. Answer: 2. the principles of long-term watershed management, 3. the elements of successful watershed management frameworks, and 4. the benefits of the watershed management approach. Rain water harvesting is a method to capture and store rainwater for various uses. “Indiscriminate use of water by increasing population and industrial expansion has led to degradation of the water quality considerably in India.” Explain the values that can help in maintaining the quality of water. Emphasis on the need for a national water framework law, comprehensive legislation for optimum development of inter-state rivers and river valleys, amendment of Irrigation Acts, Indian Easements Act, 1882, etc. Answer: A system to evolve the benchmarks for water uses for different purposes, i.e., water footprints, and water auditing be developed to ensure efficient use. Watershed uses the same employment law resources, knowledge and people to continue to offer industry recognised expertise. He has been teaching from the past 9 years. Almost all the major rivers of the country are inter-state rivers and their waters are shared by, two or more than two states. The modules are organized by the six topics listed below. Lagoons and Backwaters: India has a vast coastline and the coast is very indented in some states. These reasons were the target regions for green revolution. Wheat and rice are grown mainly with the help of irrigation in these states. Answer: Water quality refers to the purity of water, or water without unwanted foreign substances. Watershed management is an attempt to halt land degradation and a holistic process for getting maximum production out of land. Much to India’s dislike and concern China is planning to build a dam on river Brahmaputra. He provides courses for Maths and Science at Teachoo. (ii) The main objective is to develop primary resources of land and water. Answer: Contaminated water intake is one of the biggest reasons of many chronic diseases. The tensions and disputes on sharing and control of this scare resource are becoming contested issues among communities, regions, and states. Precipitation is high in the catchment areas of the Ganga, the Brahmaputra and the Barak rivers, these rivers, although account for only about one-third of the total area in the country, have 60 per cent of the total surface water resources. Approximately, 71 per cent of the earth’s surface is covered with it but fresh water constitutes only about 3 per cent of the total water. Explain how Watershed management’ and ‘rainwater harvesting’ are the methods of efficient management and conservation of surface water resources in India. The District takes a watershed approach to managing water and water-related resources within its boundaries. Answer: Adaptation strategies in view of climate change for designing and management of water resource structures, review of acceptability criteria and increasing water storage have been emphasized. Watershed management has transformed this barren slope to a green meadow in just two years. Watershed definition, the ridge or crest line dividing two drainage areas; water parting; divide. Water, after meeting the pre-emptive needs for safe drinking water and sanitation, achieving food security, supporting poor people dependent on agriculture for their livelihood and high priority allocation for minimum ecosystem needs, be treated as economic good so as to promote its conservation and efficient use. Water stored in check dam built across the stream channel (ex-situ management); Photo: Kothapally watershed. Question 1. Besides bridging the demand supply gap, it can also save energy to pump groundwater as recharge leads to rise in groundwater table. Watershed Management Environment Improves By Watershed Management, A Rapid Means For Reviving Green Foliage On Wastelands. Explain any three reasons. Answer: The mean annual flow in all the river basins in India is estimated to be 1869 cubic kms. How can you help in improving the quality of water in your locality? Here on AglaSem Schools, you can access to NCERT Book Solutions in free pdf for Geography 3 for Class 12 so that you can refer them as and when required. (c) 4,000 Note:-These notes are according to the R09 Syllabus book of JNTU.In R13 and R15,8-units of R09 syllabus are combined into 5-units in R13 and R15 syllabus. Watershed A new era for people management At Watershed’s core is a pragmatic people management approach which is matched by constantly evolving employment law practices.We push for improvement and stand for positive change in HR and employment law … What are the rainwater harvesting structures in Rajasthan? Answer: Water is a cyclic resource with abundant supplies on the globe. Regulate and limit groundwater exploitation. (a) Modern farming methods Question 4. What factors are responsible for the highest groundwater depletion in the states of Punjab, Haryana, and Tamil Nadu? Answer: Question 2. The over-use of groundwater resources has led to decline in its level. Why the share of agricultural sector in total water used in the country is expected to decline? The states like Gujarat, U.P, Bihar, Tripura and Maharashtra, are utilizing groundwater resources at a moderate rate. How does irrigation help in multi¬cropping? Answer: Building a watershed requires a lot of cost, Since it is run and maintained by the locals, its benefits are distributed to the local people, The area where a watershed can be built is very few (as the area should have adequate rainfall), Mismanagement and over-exploitation of these natural resources are reduced because the locals are controlling it, Subscribe to our Youtube Channel - https://you.tube/teachoo. In which sector the share of total water used in the country is high? These developments have led to several inter-state disputes about sharing of water of these rivers. Watershed Management Plans. Tamil Nadu has made water harvesting structures in the houses compulsory. Which sector (economic-activity) uses most of the surface and groundwater in India? Where is the highest replenishable water concentrated? Which one of the following rivers has the highest replenishable ground water resource in the country? We all live in a watershed and our actions affect others in the watershed. Why there is a need to conserve water resources? It is a low cost and eco-friendly technique for preserving every drop of water by guiding the rain water to bore well, pits and wells. The states of Punjab, Haryana and Tamil Nadu have agriculture supported mainly by irrigated water and the main source for it is the underground water. (iv) Answer: Awareness and conservation consciousness should be promoted. It is a low cost and eco-friendly technique for preserving every drop of water by guiding the rain water to bore well, pits and wells. (ii) Which sector accounts for most of the surface water withdrawals and why? Canal irrigation is the biggest source of irrigation in North India. Pollution of water is responsible for declining the quality of water. These states utilize large proportion of their groundwater potential. Benefits of Watershed management: (i) Because of less development of industries and higher water utilization in agricultural sector. Sharing of water of Brahmaputra has always been a cause of conflict between India and Bangladesh. With a bit of acumen and proper judgement, the rain water can be made to move down the slopes slowly, ensuring optimum infiltration and percolation, automatically solving the problem of soil erosion. Land and water conservation practices, those made within agricultural 1elds like construction of contour bunds, graded bunds, 1eld Utilising local resources, a school was contructed. Name the three states which have larger area under irrigation and why? Question 3. Discuss the availability of water resources in the country and factors that determine its spatial distribution? Answer: Give reasons for their variation. 3. A watershed management plan acts as a guidance document and a roadmap for the specific management activities that will occur to improve the conditions in your watershed. Create a Watershed Council. The highest proportion of the total water used in the country is in which one of the following sectors? Download Watershed Management Textbook by YVR Reddy from Agrotech Publications and Get Upto 34% OFF on MRP/Rental. About 71% of the earth’s surface is covered with water but fresh water is about 3% of the total water resource. In agricultural sector the share of total water is high in the country. Answer: The modules are organized by the six themes listed above. Watershed management aims at scientific conservation of primary resources of land and water to increase the production of secondary resources of plants and animals for their use in a way that will not result in ecological imbalance. However, in future, with development, the share of industrial sector in the country is likely to increase. Water scarcity is possibly to pose the greatest challenge on account of its increased demand coupled with shrinking supplies due to over utilization and pollution. The States like Kerala, Odisha and West Bengal have vast surface water resources in these lagoons and lakes. In fact, a very small proportion of fresh water is effectively available for human use. Rivers in the country like the Ganga, the Brahmaputra, and the Indus have huge catchment areas. The mean annual flow in all the river basins in India is estimated to be 1,869 cubic km. Question 15. India accounts for about 2.45 per cent of world’s surface area, 4 per cent of the world’s water resources and about 16 per cent of world’s population. In watershed management which of the following is a primary resource? (b) 3,000 (a) 2,000 Due to topographical, hydrological and other constraints, only 32 per cent of the available surface water can be utilized. The availability from surface water and replenishable groundwater is 1,869 cubic km. Question 7. What is the total replenishable groundwater resource of India? Management: The availability of fresh water is less and is also declining whereas the demand of water is getting rapid due to industrialization and urbanization, moreover inter-state water disputes are increasing. What do you mean by water pollution? When toxic substances enter lakes, steams, rivers, ocean and other water bodies, they get dissolved or lie suspended in water. 2. the principles of long-term watershed management, 3. the elements of successful watershed management frameworks, and 4. the benefits of the watershed management approach. The available water resources are also getting polluted with industrial, agricultural and domestic effluents, and this, in turn, is further limiting the availability of usable water resources. Question 2. 2017) How is rainwater harvesting helped in the development of certain areas of India? Ans. Watershed aims to build the capacity of civil society organisations in six countries: Kenya, Uganda, Mali, Ghana, Bangladesh, India and also at international level, for evidence-based lobbying and advocacy on Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) and Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) issues. Distribution of water … (A.1.2010) Watershed management helps conserving the environment along with fulfilling need of the people. The availability of fresh water varies over space and time. Question 8. Answer: An Interdisciplinary Task. Transfer of water from water surplus areas to water deficit areas through inter linking of rivers can be important remedies for solving water problem in India. Jul 14,2020 - What is watershed management? Surface water is more utilized in the crystalline rocks of south India. There is a great need for irrigation in India because: Question 5. Nyay Panchayat was set up to look in to the local problems. “The assessment, efficient use and conservation of water are necessary to ensure development.” Explain in the light of values regarding conservation of water resources. (a) Abiotic resource If you are new to watershed management as a planning framework and the nine minimum elements, start with Section I. (c) Domestic use The states like Kerala, Odisha and West Bengal have vast surface water resources in legumes and lake also. Precipitation in India has very high spatial variation, and it is mainly concentrated in Monsoon season. (i) The website offers a variety of self-paced training modules that represent a basic and broad introduction to the watershed management field. Watershed is defined as a geohydrological unit draining to a common point by a system of drains.All lands on earth are part of one watershed or other. Answer: Explain with answer. It can be done by harvesting rainwater on rooftops and open spaces. Conservation, regeneration and judicious use of all resources like land, water, plants, animals etc. Question 20. See more. (i) Watershed management emphasises on scientific soil and water conservation in order to increase the biomass production. Watershed management is the study of the characteristics of a watershed that manages the water quality, water supply, drainage, rain water flow and other sustainable maintenance planning regarding a watershed. These are rivers, lakes, ponds, and tanks. Providing drinking water is the first priority. (CBSE 2015) What do you mean by degradation of water resources? In the country there are about 10,360 rivers and their tributaries are averagely longer than 1.6 km each. The Simple, Integrated Scientific Techniques Are Given On Land, Water, Greenery And Energy Management. (CBSE 2016) Language: Hindi, Topics Covered: 1. So assessment, efficient use and Conservation of water, have become necessary to ensure development. Give its key features. There is a wide scope to use rainwater harvesting technique to conserve precious water resource. Explain the importance of irrigation for agriculture in India. (iii) (i) 2) What is watershed management? Question 6. In fact, over withdrawals in some states like Rajasthan and Maharashtra has increased fluoride concentration in groundwater, and this practice has led to increase in concentration of arsenic in parts of West Bengal and Bihar. Answer: The Tungabhadra water dispute between Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka. Irrigation and multi-purpose projects should include drinking water in areas where it is not available. Wheat and rice are grown mainly with the help of irrigation in these states. A watershed approach: is … Increasing demand for agricultural sector, domestic use due to urbanisation and industrialisation & rise in population. Choose the right answers of the followings from the given options: Question 1. Give one reason. Question 5. (d) Cyclic Resource, Question 1. which are major killer diseases in India. Watershed management aims at bringing about balance between natural resources on the one hand and society on the other. Inter-state River Water Disputes in India! Question 2. NCERT Solutions for Class 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12. Given that precipitation is relatively high in the catchment areas of the Ganga, the Brahmaputra and the Barak rivers, these rivers, although account for only about one-third of the total area in the country, have 60 per cent of the total surface water resources. Water Resources and Watershed Management By Dr. Harish Gupta | University College of Engineering, Osmania University, Hyderabad This four (4) credit, 15 weeks MOOCs course is being offered for Post Graduate students of Sciences and other faculties. Watershed Management: Watershed management emphasises scientific soil and water conservation in order to increase the biomass production. Get their ideas and suggestions. The Ganga and the Brahmaputra have larger replenishable groundwater resources. Question 3. Water scarcity is possibly to pose the greatest challenge on account of its increased demand coupled with shrinking supplies due to over utilisation and pollution. Answer: Question 8. Groundwater resources in our country are about 432 cubic kms. The aim is to develop primary resources of land and water, to produce secondary resources of plants and animals for use … It has become an example for watershed development throughout the country. (b) Karnataka Tomer, in Encyclopedia of Soils in the Environment, 2005. On signing up you are confirming that you have read and agree to Water flow in a river depends on size of its catchment area or river basin and rainfall within its catchment area. The intake of contaminated water is the cause of severe water borne disease and is also one of the main causes of high infant mortality rates. Find Watershed tour dates and concerts in your city. Answer: The Place we live is a watershed which drains all the water to nearby lake/rivers. Out of this only 60 per cent can be put to beneficial uses. It is also easy to construct wells and tube wells here. Quality: Water pollution is caused by domestic waste, industrial waste and chemical use in agriculture. (ii) All the green revolution crops are water intensive, hence the demand for water in these states is very high. The states like Chhattisgarh, Odisha and Kerala utilize only small proportion of ground water. Usage: Underground water resources could be used in Northern India whereas in Gujarat, Maharashtra, West Bengal, it increases the concentration of arsenic, fluoride and salinity in the soil. Answer: Study the diagram given below and answer the questions that follow: (CBSE 2011) Desalinization of water particularly in coastal areas and brackish water in arid and semi-arid areas. (ii) To produce secondary resources of plants and animals for use in a manner which will hot cause ecological imbalance. To encourage community and people participation, for example, Neeru-Meeru, Haiyali etc. Watershed management basically refers to efficient management and conservation of surface and groundwater resources with community participation. Improvement in quality of water: Question 1. In the country, there are about 10,360 rivers and their tributaries longer than 1.6 km each. It is argued that watershed management should not be viewed exclusively from the narrow perspective of benefits to water projects alone. is very high which can meet only through irrigation. There are four major sources of surface water. Water intake is an essential part of human life. What is the utility of irrigation in agriculture? A very small proportion of fresh water is effectively available for human use. What are the four major problems in the development of water resources in India? Question 22. Watershed management. Question 4. 1. Watershed functions include capturing, storing and recharging groundwater, filtering out water pollutants, and secure release of rainwater to avoid floods during heavy rainfalls. There is a great demand of water due to increase of population. Audience for the Quick Guide 2016) The success of watershed development largely depends upon community participation. Harvesting rainwater also decreases the community dependence on groundwater for domestic use. (Foreign 2011) This in turn will reduce the share of the agriculture and increase the share of industrial and domestic sector in the consumption of all resources including the water resources of the country. Highlights: Question 5. Surface Water Resources: There are four major sources of surface water. Department of Watershed Management 72 Marietta Street NW Atlanta, Georgia 30303. Watershed Management Notes Pdf Details. At present the agriculture use accounts for the highest share of utilization for both ground and surface water resources. This textbook will useful to most of the students who were prepared for competitive exams. Question 2. Login to view more pages. In spite of the fact that 71% of the earth is covered with water, water is scarce. The NCERT Solutions to the questions after every unit of NCERT textbooks aimed at helping students solving difficult questions.. For a better understanding of this … The Ganga and the Yamuna are the two highly polluted rivers in the country. Question 1. There are seepage losses and lack of improved irrigation facilities. Haryali is a watershed development project which aims at enabling the rural population to conserve water for drinking, irrigation, fisheries and afforestation. Name the two metropolitan cities which are the main polluters of river Ganga before it reaches Varanasi. WATERSHED MANAGEMENT is the study of the relevant characteristics of a WATERSHED aimed at the sustainable distribution of its resources and the process of creating and implementing plans, programs and projects to sustain and enhance WATERSHED functions that affect the PLANT, ANIMAL, and HUMAN communities within the watershed boundary Answer: In The Present Endeavor, The Concept On Watershed Management Is Dealt After Introducing The Reasons For Degradation Of Lands And The Need For Watershed Management. (b) The Brahmaputra The National Water Policy was undertaken in 2002, to prioritized the ‘ water allocation in the different sectors in the following order: Learn Science with Notes and NCERT Solutions, Next: What are the Advantages of Water Stored in the Ground?→. UNIT-I. Analyse the economic and social values of rainwater harvesting. Do you think it can play an important role in sustainable development? Note:-These notes are according to the R09 Syllabus book of JNTU.In R13 and R15,8-units of R09 syllabus are combined into 5-units in R13 and R15 syllabus. States like Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Tripura and Maharashtra are utilising their ground water resources at a moderate rate. Aim: To develop primary resources of land and water to produce secondary resources of plants and animals for use in a manner that will not cause ecological imbalance. Answer: Management of the environment has been primarily focussed on specific issues such as air, land, and water. This dearth of utilizable water has been cause of several disputes in India at local, state and national levels. From the above diagrams, it is clear that, in both the cases it is the agricultural sector that uses maximum share of both surface and groundwater. Northern states are mostly the agricultural states where the water is used for irrigation. The mean annual flow in all the river basins in India is estimated to be 1,869 cubic km. Answer: What is the Importance of Natural Resources? The total water available from precipitation in the country in a year is about 4,000 cubic km. Water Resources and Watershed Management By Dr. Harish Gupta | University College of Engineering, Osmania University, Hyderabad This four (4) credit, 15 weeks MOOCs course is being offered for Post Graduate students of Sciences and other faculties. Watershed management. Watershed management is a form meant to capture the sum of the action taken to preserve and maintain watersheds. The Web site offers a variety of self-paced training modules that represent a basic and broad introduction to the watershed management field. Answer the following questions in about 150 words: Question 3. 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