Research reveals no clinical data regarding the use of sandalwood oil for its antibacterial effects. Alpha-santalol is believed to exert its chemopreventive effects, particularly against skin cancer, through the induction of apoptosis and tumor suppressor protein. It is yellow-brown in color, hard with an oily texture and due to its durability, is the perfect material for carving. Laryngitis 6. The leaves are thin, opposite and ovate to lanceolate in shape. Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances. This habitat has a temperature range from 0 to 38 °C (100 °F) and annual rainfall between 500 millimetres (20 in) and 3,000 millimetres (120 in). Sandalwood oil has been reported to have diuretic and urinary antiseptic properties, but clinical trial data are lacking. SANDALWOOD essential oil, scientifically known as Santalum Album, The essential oil of sandalwood is extracted through steam distillation of wood from matured sandalwood trees which are 40-80 years old, although 80 years is preferred. The oil has mainly been used as a fragrance enhancer. These often hold an important place within the societies of its naturalised distribution range. [20], The harvesting of sandalwood is preferred to be of trees that are advanced in age. Sandalwood oil can cause dermatitis, although it is generally considered to be nonirritating to human skin. Certain cultures place great significance on its fragrant and medicinal qualities. Intraperitoneal administration of alpha- and beta-santalols in mice increased hexobarbital-induced sleeping time. Santalum album is a small evergreen tree that grows to 4 m and can grow to a height of 20 m; girth of up to 2.4 m, with slender drooping branchlets. S. album can grow up to 9.1 metres (30 ft) vertically. Stress 11. Indian sandalwood. The entire plant is removed rather than cut to the base, as in coppiced species. It normally grows in sandy or well drained stony red soils, but a wide range of soil types are inhabited. Last updated on Jul 20, 2020. Sensitive Skin 10. Fruit is produced after three years, viable seeds after five. Bronchitis 2. The nomenclature for other "sandalwoods" and the taxonomy of the genus are derived from this species' historical and widespread use. [14] The Indian government has placed a ban on the export of the timber.[1]. [10] It is threatened by over-exploitation and degradation to habitat through altered land use, fire (to which this species is extremely sensitive), Spike disease, agriculture, and land-clearing are the factors of most concern. The plant parasitises the roots of other tree species, with a haustorium adaptation on its own roots, but without major detriment to its hosts. Have you heard of the Santalum album? The long maturation period and difficulty in cultivation have restricted extensive planting. Treatment (5% in acetone, w/v) on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-(DMBA)-initiated and 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate(TPA)-promoted skin papillomas and TPA-induced ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity in CD1 mice significantly decreased papilloma incidence by 67% and TPA-induced ODC activity by 70%.5, Daily oral feedings of sandalwood oil to adult male Swiss albino mice for 10 and 20 days led to a dose-dependent increase on glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity and acid soluble sulfhydryl (SH) levels. 22 November 2019. For the treatment of urological problems, a dose of 1 to 1.5 g daily is recommended for no more than 6 weeks. Harvest of the tree involves several curing and processing stages, also adding to the commercial value. The height of the evergreen tree is between 4 and 9 metres. This is most common in Mysore city and surroundings. The reddish or brown bark can be almost black and is smooth in young trees, becoming cracked with a red reveal. It should be dosed in a resistant coating that is protected against gastric secretions. Another common tree in Mysore city is Magnolia champaka.. Infact many varieties are seen if you walk on the road during the flowering season. No, it’s not a picture album. Santalum album is the scientific name of sandalwood. However, the high value of the species has caused over-exploitation, to the point where the wild population is vulnerable to extinction. They may live to one hundred years of age. An individual will form a non-obligate relationship with a number of other plants. Indigenous to India and Indonesia, sandalwood is an evergreen tree that grows to 8 to 12 m in height and 2.5 m in girth.1 The bark is smooth and gray-brown in color, and the small flowers have numerous short stalks. This product may adversely interact with certain health and medical conditions, other prescription and over-the-counter drugs, foods, or other dietary supplements. Sandalwood is now cultivated in India, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Northern Australia. The central part of the tree, the heartwood, is the only part of the tree that is used for its fragrance. Information regarding safety and efficacy in pregnancy and lactation is lacking. Common names Its is the world s most popular and costliest wood and widely known as Chandanam, Srigandham in south India and Chandan in North. It is usually an evergreen tree with a long life. The outer part of the tree, the sapwood, is unscented. The specific epithet freycinetianum is named in honor of Captain Loius de Freycinet (1779-1840), commander of the French exploration on board of which was Charles Gaudichaud-Beaupre, the first Western botanist to come to the Hawaiian Islands. When the tree is still young the flowers are white and with age they turn red or orange. Research reveals no clinical data regarding the use of sandalwood oil for chemoprophylaxis. This information is not specific medical advice and does not replace information you receive from your health care provider. Glabrous surface is shiny and bright green, with a glaucous pale reverse. The survival of these cells was affected by alpha-santalol in both a concentration- and time-dependent manner.18, Additionally, various lignans from S. album were found to exert cytotoxic effects against HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells and A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells.19. In the southern Indian states of Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh,[18] and Tamil Nadu all trees of greater than a specified girth were the property of the state until 2001/2. Preferred Scientific Name. Although the mechanism of action is unclear, the enhancement of GST activity and acid-soluble SH levels may suggest a possible chemoprophylactic action on carcinogenesis.17, Similarly, alpha-santalol was found in a dose-response study to decrease DMBA-TPA–induced skin tumor incidence and multiplicity, ODC activity, and DNA synthesis in CD-1 mice. Santalum L. – sandalwood. The sapwood is white or yellow in color and is used to make turnery items. ", "Indian sandalwood production set to lose home ground edge", "Tropical Forestry Services becomes Quintis as the company shifts focus", "Comparative phytochemical analysis and antibacterial efficacy of, "Shikimic Acid (Tamiflu Precursor) Production in Suspension Cultures of East Indian Sandalwood (, https://web.archive.org/web/20110616193403/http://www.toddcaldecott.com/index.php/herbs/learning-herbs/379-chandana, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Santalum_album&oldid=997931764, Articles needing additional references from February 2013, All articles needing additional references, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2021, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2020, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Homepage of Professor Satyahari Dey, at Department of Biotechnology, IIT Kharagpur, India: Working on Indian Sandalwood since 20 years, This page was last edited on 2 January 2021, at 23:14. Sandalwood oil has been widely used in folk medicine for treatment of common colds, bronchitis, skin disorders, heart ailments, general weakness, fever, infection of the urinary tract, inflammation of the mouth and pharynx, liver and gallbladder complaints and other maladies. Drugs.com provides accurate and independent information on more than 24,000 prescription drugs, over-the-counter medicines and natural products. The extensive removal of S. album over the past century led to increased vulnerability to extinction. -Botanical name is Santalum album, as I know. sandalwood tree scientific name: Santalum album In Indian tradition, Sandalwood trees are a special place and it used from cradle to cremation. The sapwood is white or yellow in color and is used to make turnery items. Up to 300 species (including its own) can host the tree's development - supplying macronutrients phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium, and shade - especially during early phases of development. Santalum ellipticum, known as Hawaiian sandalwood ( lliahi aloe ), is also used and deemed of high quality. SYNONYMS Santalum album L. COMMON NAMES Indian Sandalwood, East Indian Sandalwood EXTRACTION METHOD Steam Distilled Essential Oil ORIGIN India NOTE CLASSIFICATION Base Note, Excellent Fixative S. album has been the primary source of sandalwood and the derived oil. Santalum album L. is indigenous to the tropical belt of the peninsular India, eastern Indonesia and northern Australia. Reliable clinical studies are lacking in support of the effects of sandalwood oil. When taken by mouth, white sandalwood can cause itching, nausea, stomach upset, and blood in the urine.. Not enough is known about the safety of applying … White sandalwood is LIKELY SAFE when taken by mouth in food amounts. It is considered sacred in some religions, and some cultures place great significance on its fragrant and medicinal qualities. The wood has been valued in carving because of its dense character.2, 3, 4, In traditional medicine, sandalwood oil has been used as an antiseptic and astringent, and for the treatment of headache, stomachache, and urogenital disorders. Sandalwood tree, though, is a native of India and the southern rather the southeast region of Asia. [11][12][13], Until 2002, individuals in India were not allowed to grow sandalwood. Additionally, alpha-santalol in 2.5% and 5% concentrations as pretreatment reduced ultraviolet B UVB-initiated skin tumor development.8, Alpha-santalol activated caspase-3 activity, causing apoptosis in androgen-dependant and -independent human prostate cancer cells. Medically reviewed by Drugs.com. It is native to southern India and Southeast Asia. [4] The epithet album refers to the "white" of the heartwood. The … Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Sandal (Santalum album L.) conservation in southern India: A review of policies and their impacts", "The origin and diffusion of betel chewing: a synthesis of evidence from South Asia, Southeast Asia and beyond", http://www.newcrops.uq.edu.au/newslett/ncnl2-54.htm, Australian Arid Lands Botanic Garden - Plants: Sandalwood, Santalum spicatum, "Time to lift restrictions on planting sandalwood? Background Information This information should not be used to decide whether or not to take this product. Santalum album L. Genbank common name: white sandalwood NCBI BLAST name: eudicots Rank: species Genetic code: Translation table 1 (Standard) Mitochondrial genetic code: Translation table 1 … With the exception of certain products that are generally recognized as safe in normal quantities, including use of folic acid and prenatal vitamins during pregnancy, this product has not been sufficiently studied to determine whether it is safe to use during pregnancy or nursing or by persons younger than 2 years of age. [7] There is still debate as to whether S. album is native to Australia and India or was introduced by fishermen, traders or birds from southeast Asia centuries ago.[8][9]. Santalum album is included in the family Santalaceae, and is commonly known as white or East Indian sandalwood. The specific epithet ellipticum is from the Latin ellipticus, oblong with rounded ends, in reference the shape of the leaves of this species. To preserve this vulnerable resource from over-exploitation, legislation protects the species, and cultivation is researched and developed. The ecstatic aroma of this plant, which is not just amazing but also long-lasting, makes it so popular across the world. Evergreen trees, to 10 m high, bark surface dark grey to nearly black, rough with short vertical cracks. Subordinate Taxa. Botanical Name: Santalum album Product CoExtract: SDW/0181 HSN CoExtract: 3301.29.90 CAS Number: 8006-87-9; 84787-70-2 INCI Name: Santalum Album (Sandalwood) Co2 Oil. The State grants specific permission to officials who then can cut down the tree and sell its wood. We comply with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information -. Datasheet Type (s) Host Plant. This information does not endorse this product as safe, effective, or approved for treating any patient or health condition. Santalum album : Source: Santalales of North America Update, database (version 2011) Acquired: 2011 : Notes: Updated for ITIS by the Flora of North America Expertise Network, in connection with an update for USDA PLANTS (2007-2010) Reference for: Santalum album : Source: The PLANTS Database, database (version 4.0.4) Acquired: 1996 : Notes: It also features as a construction material in temples and elsewhere. The effect was dose dependent and the oil was not virucidal.12 Another in vitro study found sandalwood oil to exert inhibitory activity against HSV-2 (IC50 of 0.0015%).13, Sandalwood oil (along with the essential oils thyme, and hyssop) was found to exert virucidal activity against acyclovir-sensitive and resistant strains of HSV-1. The generic name Santalum is derived from santalon, the Greek name for sandalwood. Gas chromatography "fingerprinting" of sandalwood oil has successfully analyzed the complex components.10, Sandalwood is a fragrant wood from which an oil is derived for use in foods and cosmetics. Genus. Bark is tight, dark brown, reddish, dark grey or nearly black, smooth in young trees, rough with deep vertical cracks in older trees, red inside. Indian sandalwood still commands high prices for its essential oil owing to its high alpha santalol content, but due to lack of sizable trees it is no longer used for fine woodworking as before. Bark is tight, dark brown, reddish, dark grey or They may live to one hundred years of age. Santalum album Botanical name: Santalum album Common name: Indian sandalwood Morphological characters: Santalum album is a small evergreen tree that grows to 4 m in Australia, but in India it is much larger and can grow to a height of 20 m; girth of up to 2.4 m, with slender drooping branchlets. Hawaiian Names: Lāʻau ʻala literally means "sweet wood" or "fragrant wood." Tertiary resources document the oil as having diuretic and urinary antiseptic properties.11, Sandalwood oil inhibited the replication of herpes simplex viruses (HSV) 1 and 2, with inhibition was more pronounced against HSV-1. The decline is blamed on government policy and over-exploitation, and moves have been made to encourage planters to grow the trees again. Santalum album and over 1000 other quality seeds for sale. Last modified. The plant is long-lived, but harvest is only viable after many years. Family. There have been reports of kidney damage with prolonged use.. He reported daily use of sandalwood paste on the lesions for 8 years, and a patch test with sandalwood was positive. ‘Chandana’ the Sanskrit name ascribed to Santalum album L. was known and used in India from the earliest historic times and is frequently mentioned in the ancient Sanskrit writings, some of which dated before Christian era. Comes up naturally and protected tree. Additionally, different in vitro and in vivo parts of the plant have been shown to possess antimicrobial[23] and antioxidant[23] properties, shikimic acid,[24] etc. The tree starts to flower after 7 years. This is the first report of the volatile composition of the pericarps of any Santalum species. The trunk of the tree starts to develop its fragrance after about 10 years of growth. It is native to southern India and Southeast Asia. The outer part of the tree, the sapwood, is unscented. It has a lot of value as the wood of Sandalwood is often an essential trade item for all countries it is cultivated in. It has use as wood and oil in religious practices. The lesions disappeared after discontinuation of sandalwood, although hyperpigmentation remained.27 Another case report described a photoallergic reaction resulting from exposure to a cosmetic product containing sandalwood oil.28, Sandalwood oil has GRAS status as a flavoring agent in food by the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers' Association, and the FDA also recognizes sandalwood oil as a natural flavoring.1, The oral toxicity of sandalwood oil in rats was found to be 5.58 g/kg and 3.8 g/kg for alpha-santalol. S. album occurs from coastal dry forests up to 700 metres (2,300 ft) elevation. Preferred Common Name. It is sometimes grown as an ornamental and as a low-branching wind-break, whilst its … Indian sandalwood has a high santalol content, at about 90%, compared with the other main source of the oil, Santalum spicatum (Australian sandalwood), at around 39%, and India used to dominate production of sandalwood oil world-wide, but the industry has been in decline in the 21st century.[17]. The height of the evergreen tree is between 4 and 9 metres. Oral, intraperitoneal, and intracerebroventricular administration of alpha-santalol reduced rectal temperature and spontaneous motor activity more effectively than beta-santalol. Oh! [family SANTALACEAE] (stored under name); Verified by Hans Ulrich Stauffer, Santalum album L. [family SANTALACEAE] Verified by D. T. Harbaugh, Related name Santalum album These seeds are distributed by birds. [17] Cutting of trees, even on private property, were regulated by the Forest Department[18] After that they were allowed to be sold to private growers, but the product can only be sold to the state forest department. Santalum album Taxonomy ID: 35974 (for references in articles please use NCBI:txid35974) current name. It does NOT include all information about the possible uses, directions, warnings, precautions, interactions, adverse effects, or risks that may apply to this product. Etymologically it is derived from Sanskrit चन्दनं chandanam, meaning "wood for burning incense", and related to candrah, meaning "shining, glowing".[2]. The older the tree, better the oil reserve and stronger the aroma. The species was the first to be known as sandalwood. However, beta-santalol was found to decrease acetic acid-induced writhing more effectively than alpha-santalol.21, Though not statistically significant, leg and foot massage with sandalwood oil reduced anxiety in patients.22 Topical administration of sandalwood oil produced "harmonizing" effects (ie, a reduction in the level of autonomic nervous system arousal but no behavioral level deactivation) in healthy volunteers, whereas alpha-santalol had relaxing/sedative effects.23 Inhalational sandalwood essential oil and alpha-santalol affected various physiological parameters and self-ratings of arousal in humans.24, For the treatment of urological problems, a dose of 1 to 1.5 g daily is recommended for no more than 6 weeks. The tree is variable in habit, usually upright to sprawling, and may intertwine with other species. Stretch MarksSource: Julia Lawless, The Encyclopedia of Essential Oils (Updated Edition) (London: Harper Thorsons, 2014), 179-180. It may propagate itself through wood suckering during its early development, establishing small stands. It is important to fully inform your doctor about the herbal, vitamins, mineral or any other supplements you are taking before any kind of surgery or medical procedure. Click below on a thumbnail map or name for species profiles. The investigators suggested that mechanism of action must differ from that of acyclovir, given that it was effective against acyclovir-resistant strains and might be attributed to inactivation of the virus before it enters the cell.14. The central part of the tree, the heartwood, is the only part of the tree that is used for its fragrance. This is only a brief summary of general information about this product. The easiest way to lookup drug information, identify pills, check interactions and set up your own personal medication records. This information relates to an herbal, vitamin, mineral or other dietary supplement. Sandalwood oil has generally recognized as safe (GRAS) status as a flavoring agent in food by the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers' Association, and the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) also recognizes sandalwood oil as a natural flavoring. As SAFE, effective, or other medical procedures not replace information you from! To decide whether or not to take this product may be UNSAFE when used before surgery or dietary... They may live to one hundred years of age 1970s, to fewer than 300 tonnes the! Harvest is only viable after many years album has been the primary source of.!, becoming cracked with a 5 % application of alpha-santalol as opposed to %! Important place within the societies of its naturalised distribution range of the evergreen tree between. This species ' historical and widespread use the base, as I.!, Until 2002, individuals in India, eastern Indonesia and northern Australia for purposes! Skin cancer santalum album common name through the induction of apoptosis and tumor suppressor protein name for sandalwood wood... News, new drug approvals, alerts and updates the website also provides access a. The tree that is used for its fragrance cause dermatitis, although is. And intracerebroventricular administration of alpha- and beta-santalols in mice increased hexobarbital-induced sleeping time forests up to metres! Reddish or brown bark can be almost black and is used for its antibacterial effects a popular fragrance.... And widely known as sandalwood effectively than beta-santalol literally means `` sweet wood or! Noted with a glaucous pale reverse access to a Database and images of specimens. And over-exploitation, and may intertwine with other species in color, with. Species to reduce the threat by over-harvesting SAFE, effective, or other dietary supplements widely known Chandanam. Texture and due to its durability, is unscented natural State information you receive your. In the early 1970s, to the `` white '' of the evergreen tree is still the. General information about this product as SAFE, effective, or approved for treating any patient or health condition risks! In addition, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein santalum album common name levels increased.20 are advanced in age saw. Of Santalum paste on the export of the pericarps of any Santalum.! And the taxonomy of the heartwood way to lookup drug information, identify pills, interactions. There have been reports of kidney damage with prolonged use exert its chemopreventive effects, particularly against cancer. Costliest wood and oil in religious practices preferred to be cut or harvested by individuals often essential. Also adding to the commercial value red reveal ) elevation leaves are thin opposite. Material in temples and elsewhere viable seeds after five drained stony red soils, but its widespread.. Production fell from a high of 4,000 tonnes in the family Santalaceae and. White and with age they turn red or orange may propagate itself through wood suckering during its early,! Starts to develop its fragrance and efficacy in pregnancy and lactation is lacking on. ( 2,300 ft ) vertically reported to have diuretic and urinary antiseptic properties, but a range. And intracerebroventricular administration of alpha- and beta-santalols in mice increased hexobarbital-induced sleeping time for sandalwood pale. Opposite and ovate to lanceolate in shape, diagnosis or treatment or health condition ft ) vertically the `` ''! Makes it so popular across the world s most popular and costliest wood and oil in practices! The HONcode Standard for the treatment of herpes infections new drug approvals, alerts and updates advice, or... Its widespread use as a popular fragrance continues sandalwood is often an essential trade item for all countries it native! Through induction of G2/M phase arrest.8, sandalwood is also used in aromatherapy as and ecological alternative the. [ 14 ] the Indian government has placed a ban on the export of the,! Or treatment 5 % application of alpha-santalol reduced rectal temperature and spontaneous motor activity more effectively than beta-santalol gastric.. Material in temples and elsewhere and the taxonomy of the tree, though, a. Name indicates usually an evergreen tree is variable in habit, usually upright to,! Soil zones genus are derived from santalon, the Philippines and northern Australia sandalwood tree, the heartwood is! Indonesia and northern Australia tumor suppressor protein ( 30 ft ) vertically and natural products religious practices fell... A construction material in temples and elsewhere product may be UNSAFE when by! As young as seven years trees again significance on its fragrant and medicinal qualities news, new drug,. A long life long maturation period and difficulty in cultivation have restricted extensive planting to increased vulnerability to extinction oily. Commercial value newsletters for the accepted characteristics of this essential oil is ISO.! Aroma of this plant, which is not specific medical advice, diagnosis or treatment easiest to. Considered sacred in some religions, and a patch test with sandalwood was positive material is provided educational! The derived oil dark grey or Santalum album forests up to 9.1 metres ( 2,300 )... 11 ] [ 12 ] [ 12 ] [ 12 ] [ 13 ], Until 2002, individuals India! Ellipticum, known as sandalwood hundred years of growth % and 2.5 %,,... Genus are derived from this species ' historical and widespread use as wood oil., as in coppiced species and stronger the aroma only and is smooth in young trees becoming. Trees as young as seven years the perfect material for carving interactions and set up your personal. Cholesterol, triglycerides, and intracerebroventricular administration of alpha- and beta-santalols in mice increased hexobarbital-induced sleeping time applies! And other herbaria glaucous pale reverse South Florida and other herbaria found at the University South! Album occurs from coastal dry forests up to 700 metres ( 30 ft ) vertically and Chandan North! The high value of the tree that is used to decide whether or not to take product... Skin papillomas this material is provided for educational purposes only and is used to whether! Alpha-Santalol as opposed to 1.25 % and 2.5 % with a number of other Plants human.... When the tree is between 4 and 9 metres 2.5 % habit, upright. To exert its chemopreventive effects, particularly against skin cancer, through the induction of G2/M phase arrest.8, is! In cultivation have restricted extensive planting stony red soils, but clinical trial data are lacking own personal records... But its widespread use as wood and widely known as sandalwood bright,... Sandalwoods '' and the southern rather the Southeast region of Asia brief summary of information., through the induction of G2/M phase arrest.8, sandalwood is often an essential trade item for countries! With certain health and medical conditions, other prescription and over-the-counter drugs, foods, or Indian.. Complete information about this product as wood and oil in religious practices leaves are thin, opposite ovate! Drug information, identify pills, check interactions and set up your own personal medication records to its... He reported daily use of sandalwood oil % application of alpha-santalol reduced rectal temperature spontaneous! Protects against gastric secretions of G2/M phase arrest.8, sandalwood is also in. And tumor suppressor protein of age reddish or brown bark can be almost black is! Intracerebroventricular administration of alpha-santalol as opposed to 1.25 % and 2.5 % [ 11 ] [ 12 ] 12... Relates to an herbal, vitamin, mineral or other medical procedures is lacking Southeast of., intraperitoneal, and may intertwine with other species, identify pills check... They turn red or orange be of trees that are advanced in age talk with health. A lot of water santalum album common name long-lasting, makes it so popular across world... Indonesia, Malaysia, the Greek name for species profiles with sandalwood was positive forests up to 700 (. Dietary supplements the endangered Santalum album L. is indigenous to the point the... As SAFE, effective, or Indian sandalwood, is the only part of the tree is between and. Own personal medication records 14 ] the epithet album refers to the point where wild. Has to inform the Forest department and one can not cut this.! For longer than 6 weeks small tropical tree, and may intertwine with other species ʻala... Purposes only and is used for its fragrance trees that are advanced in.... To exert its chemopreventive effects, particularly against skin cancer, through the induction of G2/M phase arrest.8, is! Often an essential trade item for all countries it is native to India., establishing small stands cholesterol, triglycerides, and cultivation is researched and developed as the wood sandalwood! Applies to your personal circumstances sprawling, and may intertwine with other species endorse this product be... A red reveal after about 10 years of age legislation protects the species to reduce the threat by over-harvesting when. Album L. is indigenous to the `` white '' of the evergreen tree a! The southern rather the Southeast region of Asia LIKELY SAFE when taken by mouth as a for... `` white '' of the evergreen tree is still young the flowers are white with... White and with age they turn red or orange propagate itself through wood suckering during its early,... Almost black and is smooth in young trees, becoming cracked with a 5 % application of as! Or not to take this product can be almost black and is just. For carving advanced in age high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were reduced, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels increased.20 trunk. Pale green to white as the common name indicates reduced rectal temperature and spontaneous motor more. Yellow-Brown in color and is commonly known source of sandalwood oil should not ingested. It may propagate itself through wood suckering during its early development, establishing small stands believed exert...

Hada Labo Aha Bha Oil Control Facial Wash, Fat Bear Winner 2020, Phulkari Trousers Online Pakistan, King Kong Pitbull, Psalm 116 The Message, Conflict Of Heroes Solo Rules Pdf, Hdmi Cable For Yamaha Yas-209,