Fortunately, we can protect our cats from flu by vaccinating them. American Association of Feline Practitioners, Why Your Cat Is Itchy and What You Can Do, Dog Nutrition: Guide to Dog Food Nutrients. Â. Anaphylaxis and death are, fortunately, extremely rare: about one in every 10,000 vaccines. Cat vaccination recommendations are among the most contentious debates in veterinary medicine. It can be caused by a number of infectious agents, including viruses and bacteria. Swellings should be biopsied if they are larger than 2 centimeters, persist longer than three months, or grow one month past the date of vaccination. Influenza Surveillance Report (FluView), Past Flu Seasons Flu Forecasting Accuracy Results, Tools to Prepare Your Practice for Flu Season, Information for Clinicians on Influenza Virus Testing, Multiplex Assays Authorized for Simultaneous Detection of Influenza Viruses and SARS-CoV-2, Information on Collection of Respiratory Specimens for Influenza Virus Testing, Information for Clinicians on Rapid Diagnostic Testing for Influenza, Information on Rapid Molecular Assays, RT-PCR, and other Molecular Assays for Diagnosis of Influenza Virus Infection, Algorithm: Interpreting Influenza Testing Results When Influenza is Circulating, Algorithm: Interpreting Influenza Testing Results When Influenza is NOT Circulating, Guide: Influenza Diagnostic Testing in Closed Setting Outbreaks, Guidance: Standard-Based Electronic Laboratory Reporting, Guidance: Antiviral and Obstetric Health Care, Guidance: Outbreak Management in Long-Term Care Facilities, Guidance: Use of Mask to Control Influenza Transmission, Guidance: Prevention & Control in Peri- and Postpartum Settings, Health Professional References & Resources, Responding to Problems with Purchasing Needles for Flu Vaccination, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, Standard dose, cell culture based (ccIIV4), Standard dose, egg based† with MF59 adjuvant (aIIV4), Standard dose, egg based† with MF59 adjuvant (aIIV3), 0.2-mL prefilled single-use intranasal sprayer. The preferred site for infants and young children is the anterolateral aspect of the thigh. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website. Rabies is a zoonotic disease (it can be transmitted from animals to humans), so it is a public safety issue to keep your cat up to date on their rabies vaccine. Pfizer has more than one vaccine candidate, being developed together with the German company BioNTech. CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website. ** Rabies: 3-year vs 1-year vaccine depending on state laws. The most commonly available vaccines are used to provide protection against the following infections: Feline panleukopenia virus (FPV, feline infectious enteritis; feline parvovirus) Feline herpesvirus (FHV-1, cat flu) Feline calicivirus (FCV, cat flu) FVRCP Vaccine (feline viral rhinotracheitis, calicivirus and panleukopenia) All three of these diseases are highly contagious. Cat flu in rescue catteries. FVRCP (Also called “the feline distemper vaccine”; which protects against three feline viruses: rhinotracheitis, calicivirus and panleukopenia.) Additional guidance regarding site selection and needle length for intramuscular administration is available in the ACIP General Best Practice Guidelines for Immunization.pdf icon. The factors that your veterinarian will consider to determine your cat’s vaccination schedule include: How likely they are to be exposed to a pathogen. With the exceptions of legal requirements for rabies or vaccination requirements for kennels or travel, … However, ACIP recommends that persons with a history of egg allergy may receive any licensed, recommended influenza vaccine that is otherwise appropriate for their age and health status. In these cases, cats may develop hives, redness/swelling around the eyes and lips, or a mild fever. Cat flu is an illness that causes similar symptoms to human flu (a high temperature, sneezing, weepy eyes and a snotty nose). Reviewed and updated for accuracy on May 24, 2019, by Dr. Katie Grzyb, DVM. After a latent period lasting months or even years, the disease progresses to a variety of associated conditions: lymphoma, anemia or immunosuppression resulting in secondary disease. A high-dose vaccine (Fluzone High-Dose) four times the strength of standard flu vaccine was approved by the FDA in 2009. URIs are common, as the causative viruses are widespread in cat populations. That prompts researchers to urge vigilance. TABLE 1. Vaccine experts are warning the federal government against rushing out a coronavirus vaccine before testing has shown it's both safe and effective. ¶IM-administered influenza vaccines should be given by needle and syringe only, with the exception of the MDV presentation of Afluria Quadrivalent, which may alternatively be given by the PharmaJet Stratis jet injector for persons aged 18 through 64 years only. Rabies is endemic worldwide, and the vaccine is recommended for all pet cats. Vaccines that are appropriate for some cats in some circumstances are considered noncore vaccines (or lifestyle vaccines). The panel is comprised of dedcated feline veterinarians and scientists and is regarded as a reputable source of cat vaccination standards. https://www.petmd.com/cat/wellness/essential-cat-vaccinations Maternal antibodies passed on from the mother are meant to confer some degree of protection against diseases, but they also interfere with, or even inactivate, the body’s response to vaccination. Unvaccinated cats 3. The initial vaccination series consists of two doses three to four weeks apart, followed by revaccination one year later for all pet cats. Dogs are commonly vaccinated against some or all of the following diseases. The virus also kills off the white blood cells, leaving the young cats even more susceptible to secondary infections. The Feline Vaccination Advisory Panel regularly evaluates and researches cat vaccination developments to make science-based recommendations. Kennel Cough and Flu Vaccinations (Bordetella Bronchiseptica, Canine Parainfluenza Virus, Canine Influenza Virus-H3N8 and Canine Influenza Virus-H3N2) Kennel cough can have a variety of causes, including Bordetella bronchiseptica bacteria, parainfluenza virus, and/or adenovirus type-2. The scientific community is still learning exactly how long these vaccines last. Core vaccines should be boosted one year after the initial series. They are highly dangerous to young cats, and the vaccines are considered highly protective with minimal risk. Common side effects include lethargy, transient fever and local inflammation. Saving Lives, Protecting People, Immunogenicity, Efficacy, and Effectiveness of Influenza Vaccines, Package inserts for U.S.-licensed vaccines. There is a cat flu vaccine that is given to your cat routinely as part of their annual vaccination programme. Their guidelines, published by the American Association of Feline Practitioners, are among the most trusted and utilized recommendations in the field. It cannot be caught by humans or other animals. Feline panleukopenia, also known as feline parvovirus, is a highly infectious disease with a high mortality rate in kittens. Cats kept in large groups or colonies such as breeding catteries, rescue centres and feral cat colonies – in these situations the viruses are able to spread easily 2. Feline calicivirus encompasses a number of viral strains that cause signs of upper respiratory infection, such as sneezing and nasal discharge as well as oral ulcerations. Kittens and older cats are the worst affected due to lower immunity. During times of stress, the virus can reactivate, and the cat can start to show signs of infection again—even if they have not been reexposed to the disease. However, based on most recent data, the Vaccine Advisory Panel recommends that subsequent vaccines may be administered based on risk: yearly for high-risk cats and every two years for lower risk cats. Typical risk factors include: 1. Rabies; Feline Leukemia . While the disease usually starts with decreased energy and low appetite, it progresses to vomiting and diarrhea. When it comes to medicine, there is no “one-size-fits-all” approach. This allows veterinarians to efficiently administer the vaccines all at once, instead of having to inject a cat three separate times in one visit. With these recommendations as a starting point, you can discuss your cat’s lifestyle and risk factors with your veterinarian to determine an optimal, individualized vaccination protocol. If the benefit to the cat is greater than the likelihood of a bad reaction, the cat should be vaccinated. Dec. 13, 2020 -- Two vaccines have been approved for use in the United States a third and fourth are coming soon. Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website. Vaccines are an important part of preventative health care for our pets. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (NCIRD), Reconstruction of the 1918 Influenza Pandemic Virus, 2019-2020 Preliminary In-Season Burden Estimate, Who is at High Risk for Flu Complications, Who Should & Who Should NOT Get Vaccinated, Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine (LAIV)/Nasal Spray Vaccine, Selecting Viruses for the Seasonal Influenza Vaccine, Flu Vaccine and People with Egg Allergies, Frequently Asked Questions on Vaccine Supply, Historical Reference of Vaccine Doses Distributed, Hospitalized Adult Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Network (HAIVEN), How Vaccine Effectiveness and Efficacy are Measured, What People with a Staph Infection Should Know about Flu, Resources for Hosting a Vaccination Clinic, Overview of Influenza Surveillance in the United States, Influenza Hospitalization Surveillance Network (FluSurv-NET), Weekly U.S. Infection with FeLV is not an automatic death sentence. CDC twenty four seven. They divide cat vaccines into two categories: * FeLV: highly recommended for kittens and optional for adult cats. Cat flu is the common name for a feline upper respiratory tract disease. The FeLV vaccine is recommended as core for kittens. Some symptoms you can expect to see include sneezing, nasal congestion and discharge, and conjunctivitis. You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link. The vaccine produces a greater immune response than standard vaccine. This article was last updated Jan. 29, 2021. An example of a core vaccine is the rabies vaccine . Transmitted through body fluids including saliva, urine and feces, FeLV is spread when an infected cat comes into close contact with another cat that they groom or share bowls with. Cats heading into stressful situations, such as boarding, may benefit from a core vaccine booster 7-10 days before. Availability and characteristics of specific products and presentations might change and/or differ from what is described in this table and in the text of the full report. No injection or medication is without some degree of risk, but we continue to vaccinate because, in most cases, it is much smaller than the risk of the disease itself. Elderly and immunosuppressed cats (e.g., cats with FeLV or FIVinfection, or cats receiving im… Table 1: Vaccine Names, Abbreviations, Trade Names, and Manufacturers; Vaccine Trade Name Abbreviation Manufacturer Route Doses in Routine Series Approved Ages Comments; Adenovirus: Adenovirus Type 4 & Type 7: Barr Labs Inc. Product Name Trade Name; Adenovirus Type 4 and Type 7 Vaccine, Live, Oral: No Trade Name: Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed: Biothrax: BCG Live: BCG Vaccine: BCG Live Cat flu is a common illness, like a human cold, that affects the upper respiratory tract of cats. And preventive care recommendations for our cats are no exception. About Cat Flu; About Cat Flu. After the cat recovers from the initial infection, the virus enters a latency period in the nerves. Cat flu can be a real problem in any situation where a group of cats is kept, particularly if new cats are often introduced. The flu vaccine is about 40 to 60 percent effective when the virus type in the vaccine aligns with the circulating virus. For any cat over 16 weeks old whose vaccine history is unknown, the initial series consists of two doses given three to four weeks apart. FeLV is found worldwide. For this reason, initial core kitten vaccinations occur at three- to four-week intervals until the cat is 16-20 weeks old and maternal antibodies are out of the system. Feline Rhinotracheitis Virus/Herpesvirus 1 (FVR/FHV-1). Abbreviations: ACIP = Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices; FDA = Food and Drug Administration; HA = hemagglutinin; IIV3 = inactivated influenza vaccine, trivalent; IIV4 = inactivated influenza vaccine, quadrivalent; IM = intramuscular; LAIV4 = live attenuated influenza vaccine, quadrivalent; MDV = multidose vial; NAS = intranasal; PFS = prefilled syringe; RIV4 = recombinant influenza vaccine, quadrivalent; SDV = single-dose vial. The coronavirus is not a shape shifter like the flu virus, but it could become vaccine resistant over time. Rabies is significant not only for its effect on the cat but because it is a disease that is transmissible and fatal to humans. Visit the Internal Medicine Service website Introduction The UC Davis veterinary hospital vaccination guidelines below have been based on published studies and recommendations made by task forces. To receive weekly email updates about Seasonal Flu, enter your email address: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. While feline upper respiratory disease can be caused by several different pathogens, there are a few symptoms that they have in common. Decades of history show why they're right. The overall incidence of adverse reactions in cats is reported to be about half of 1 percent and usually mild and self-limiting. While it is listed as a noncore vaccine, it is a little more complicated than that. Even though it’s a confusing topic, making sure your cat has the shots they need and keeping up with booster shots is very important. This is why all cats should receive these core vaccines. Vaccines that should be given to every cat regardless of circumstance are known as core vaccines. FCV is thought to be associated with chronic gingivitis/stomatitis, a very painful inflammation of the gums and teeth. It can cause a runny nose and eyes, and a sore throat. § The dose volume for Afluria Quadrivalent is 0.25 mL for children aged 6 through 35 months and 0.5 mL for persons aged ≥3 years. Some of the more virulent strains cause hair loss and crusting on other parts of the body as well as hepatitis and even death. The flu shot can come in a variety of forms that protect against three or four influenza strains. The influenza vaccine can be delivered as either an injection or as a nasal spray. The FeLV vaccine works to protect your cat against feline leukemia virus. Those who report having had reactions to egg involving symptoms other than urticaria (e.g., angioedema or swelling, respiratory distress, lightheadedness, or recurrent emesis) or who required epinephrine or another emergency medical intervention should be vaccinated in an inpatient or outpatient medical setting (including, but not necessarily limited to, hospitals, clinics, health departments, and physician offices) supervised by a health care provider who is able to recognize and manage severe allergic reactions, if a vaccine other than ccIIV4 or RIV4 is used. If a prefilled syringe of Fluzone Quadrivalent is used for a child in this age group, the dose volume will be 0.5mL per dose. For adults and older children, the recommended site for intramuscular influenza vaccination is the deltoid muscle. While cats are not natural carriers for the disease, they can be infected by a bite from any infected mammal and then pass it on to others. The vaccine is recommended for cats who spend any time outside. For cats without a history of vaccine reactions, the risk of sarcomas is usually outweighed by the benefit of the core vaccines. Influenza viruses infect the respiratory tract (nose, throat, and lungs) in humans. It’s easy to be overwhelmed when you hear conflicting information about whether your cat needs them and the adverse effects they may have. What is Cat Flu? A vaccine-associated sarcoma is a slow-growing but locally aggressive cancerous mass that develops at vaccine injection sites. 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