Gregory of Nazianzus portrays a vivid picture of a fascinating character of vital importance who deserves to be regarded as the first true Christian humanist. We will teach them this also. Gregory of Nazianzus (Greek: Γρηγόριος ὁ Ναζιανζηνός Grēgorios ho Nazianzēnos; c. 329–25 January 390), also known as Gregory the Theologian or Gregory Nazianzen, was a 4th-century Archbishop of Constantinople, and theologian. That we must worship, not a God-bearing Flesh, but a Man-bearing God. , I went back to the Greek text and began to revise Browne and You, my good sir, dishonour my mind (you a Sarcolater, if I am an Anthropolater 4704 4704 The Apollinarians seem to have charged the Orthodox with being Anthropolaters, or worshippers of a mere Man. Let them not, then, begrudge us our complete salvation, or clothe the Saviour only with bones and nerves and the portraiture of humanity. For many sounds are comprehended by one ear; and the eyes of many are occupied by the same visible objects, and the smell by odours; nor are the senses narrowed by each other, or crowded out, nor the objects of sense diminished by the multitude of the perceptions. Where in that case were His being handled after the Resurrection, or His being seen hereafter by them that pierced Him, for Godhead is in its nature invisible. CXL. His remarks also anticipate all of the usual objections, so it’s worth reading carefully: What could be more unreasonable than this, though these new heralds of truth think a great deal of the title? But where is there mind of man or angel so perfect in comparison of the Godhead that the presence of the greater must crowd out the other? But if He has a soul, and yet is without a mind, how is He man, for man is not a mindless animal? On the words, Crucified and Buried. My email address is feedback732 at newadvent.org. Apollinarius, according to S. Gregory, declares that the Son of God was from all eternity clothed with a human body, and not from the time of His conception only by the Blessed Virgin; but that this humanity of God is without human mind, the place of which was supplied by the Godhead of the Only-begotten. But, as it seems, I overlooked the fact that I was making them worse, and injuring the Church by my untimely philosophy. But if His Manhood is intellectual and nor without mind, let them cease to be thus really mindless. Bradley K. Storin has made accessible for the first time in English the complete letter collection of Gregory, bishop of Nazianzus (ca. The Two Letters to Cledonius (Letters 101 and 102) translated into English by Lionel Wickham with Introduction and Notes by Lionel Wickham. But it is not safe to make any innovation before judgment is given, especially in a matter of such importance, and connected with so great issues. 63. Gregory of Nazianzus, Letters 101; 102; 202. But, he asserts, He could not contain Two perfect Natures. For nature does not admit of two contrary doctrines on the same subject being both true. Take away, then, the flesh as well as the mind, that your monstrous folly may be complete. 101‐102, 202). These wicked and utterly abandoned men have dared, in addition to all their other misdeeds, either to summon, or to make a bad use of the passage (I am not prepared to say precisely which) of certain Bishops, deprived by the whole Synod of the Eastern and Western Church; and, in violation of all Imperial Ordinances, and of your commands, to confer the name of Bishop on a certain individual of their own misbelieving and deceitful crew; encouraged to do so, as I believe, by nothing so much as my great infirmity; for I must mention this. Gregory of Nazianzus: The Bible and the Revelation of the Triune God Yoriko Tanaka Master of Theology University of St. Michaels College of the University of Toronto 2012 Abstract This thesis examines the relationship between Gregory of Nazianzus pneumatology and his understanding of Scripture in light of his concept of Gods revelation. John 1.1-14). CXXVI. The representatives of Egyptian Monachism 264 § 65. * 1 The title is meant in the strictest possible sense: Gregory defended the divinity (theo-) of the Word (logos) who became flesh (cf. And so the passage, The Word was made Flesh, seems to me to be equivalent to that in which it is said that He was made sin, 2 Corinthians 5:21 or a curse Galatians 3:13 for us; not that the Lord was transformed into either of these, how could He be? Receive then to communion those who think and teach thus, as I also do; but those who are otherwise minded refuse, and hold them as strangers to God and the Catholic Church. Cristiana Sogno, Bradley K. Storin, and Edward J. Watts (Oakland: University of California Press, 2017) The Letter Collection of Gregory of Nazianzus was published in Late Antique Letter Collections on page 81. Let them not, then, begrudge us our complete salvation, or clothe the Saviour only with bones and nerves and the portraiture of humanity. This, then, would be what He saves; and I have been deceived by the Truth, and led to boast of an honour which had been bestowed upon another. Do not let the men deceive themselves and others with the assertion that the Man of the Lord, as they call Him, Who is rather our Lord and God, is without human mind. But if anyone who thinks we have spoken rightly on this subject reproaches us with holding communion with heretics, let him prove that we are open to this charge, and we will either convince him or retire. However, you being, as you are, thoroughly instructed by the grace of God in the Divine Mysteries on all points, are well informed, not only as to the advocacy of the true faith, but also as to all those arguments which have been devised by the heretics against the sound faith; and yet perhaps it will not be unseasonable that your Excellency should hear from my littleness that a pamphlet by Apollinarius has come into my hands, the contents of which surpass all heretical pravity. And so the passage, The Word was made Flesh, seems to me to be equivalent to that in which it is said that He was made sin, or a curse for us; not that the Lord was transformed into either of these, how could He be? For Godhead joined to flesh alone is not man, nor to soul alone, nor to both apart from intellect, which is the most essential part of man. For neither in this life are there two manhoods; though Paul speaks in some such language of the inner and outer man. For if the faith began thirty years ago, when nearly four hundred years had passed since Christ was manifested, vain all that time will have been our Gospel, and vain our faith; in vain will the Martyrs have borne their witness, and in vain have so many and so great Prelates presided over the people; and Grace is a matter of metres and not of the faith. Andrei Rublev, Gregory the Theologian (1408) ““What is not assumed, is not redeemed”“ I came across this great quote by Gregory of Nazianzus (329-390 AD) today while re-listening to some old VLI lectures.. Gregory made the statement during the great fourth century debate on the nature of Jesus Christ in an effort to stop the budding Apollinarism heresy. But we recognize God the Father and the Son and the Holy Ghost, and these not as bare titles, dividing inequalities of ranks or of power, but as there is one and the same title, so there is one nature and one substance in the Godhead. For it's not likely that, like some painter, He conjured up an image from a similar image, having seen beforehand things which His own one mind did not write.”-- Gregory of Nazianzus Olympius, to whom the last of this series is addressed, was Governor of Cappadocia Secunda in a.d. 382. He is widely considered the most accomplished rhetorical stylist of … An English translation of this text, placed alongside the Greek text, can be found on the subscription version of the site. For if His Manhood is without soul, even the Arians admit this, that they may attribute His Passion to the Godhead, as that which gives motion to the body is also that which suffers. The Oration, as all critics are agreed, is one of great power and beauty. University of Texas at Arlington A PAPER Submitted to Dr. Jonathan Loopstra in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the course CH 9000 The Patristics Age Deerfield, Illinois February 2017 During the fourth century … Image 2. ... is carried through in Hofer’s analysis of Epistle 101 in chapter 6. But where is there mind of man or angel so perfect in comparison of the Godhead that the presence of the greater must crowd out the other? 2002 . And this would necessarily involve that while His form and tabernacle was human, His soul should be that of a horse or an ox, or some other of the brute creation. If any introduce the notion of Two Sons, one of God the Father, the other of the Mother, and discredits the Unity and Identity, may he lose his part in the adoption promised to those who believe aright. St. Gregory of Nazianzus, (born c. 330, Arianzus, near Nazianzus, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor [now in Turkey]—died c. 389, Arianzus; Eastern feast day January 25 and 30; Western feast day January 2), 4th-century Church Father whose defense of the doctrine of the Trinity (God as Father, Son, and Holy Spirit) made him one of the greatest champions of orthodoxy against Arianism. 9 See the helpful discussions of the political background to the monothelite controversy in J. M. If anyone does not believe that Holy Mary is the Mother of God, he is severed from the Godhead. But we recognize God the Father and the Son and the Holy Ghost, and these not as bare titles, dividing inequalities of ranks or of power, but as there is one and the same title, so there is one nature and one substance in the Godhead. But if you will look at what is mental and incorporeal, remember that I in my one personality can contain soul and reason and mind and the Holy Spirit; and before me this world, by which I mean the system of things visible and invisible, contained Father, Son, and Holy Ghost. If any assert that He was made perfect by works, or that after His Baptism, or after His Resurrection from the dead, He was counted worthy of an adoptive Sonship, like those whom the Greeks interpolate as added to the ranks of the gods, let him be anathema. 177 - 189. I would they were even cut off that trouble you, and would reintroduce a second Judaism, and a second circumcision, and a second system of sacrifices. Gregory has confessed that the whole army conformed without difficulty to Julian's change of the state religion. (To help fight spam, this address might change occasionally.) 13 Gregory of Nazianzus, Letter 101, trans. If the clay was leavened and has become a new lump, O you wise men, shall not the Image be leavened and mingled with God, being deified by His Godhead? And I will add this also: If the mind was utterly rejected, as prone to sin and subject to damnation, and for this reason He assumed a body but left out the mind, then there is an excuse for them who sin with the mind; for the witness of God— according to you— has shown the impossibility of healing it. An English translation of this text, placed alongside the Greek text, can be found on the subscription version of the site. If the clay was leavened and has become a new lump, O you wise men, shall not the Image be leavened and mingled with God, being deified by His Godhead? For where is His body now, if not with Him Who assumed it? For what the method of selection is, in accordance with which some of the events are to occur and others to be omitted, let these wise men who glory in the multitude of their books show us. For if this be done, what hinders Christ also being born again to set them aside, and again being betrayed by Judas, and crucified and buried, and rising again, that all may be fulfilled in the same order, like the Greek system of cycles, in which the same revolutions of the stars bring round the same events? If you have a query or a problem with your shop order, do not hesitate to contact us here. A careful study of these translations and the comparative analysis of the translations and the On the Theotokos, cf. St. Forasmuch as many persons have come to your Reverence seeking confirmation of their faith, and therefore you have affectionately asked me to put forth a brief definition and rule of my opinion, I therefore write to your Reverence, what indeed you knew before, that I never have and never can honour anything above the Nicene Faith, that of the Holy Fathers who met there to destroy the Arian heresy; but am, and by God's help ever will be, of that faith; completing in detail that which was incompletely said by them concerning the Holy Ghost; for that question had not then been mooted, namely, that we are to believe that the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost are of one Godhead, thus confessing the Spirit also to be God. If it was in order that God, otherwise incomprehensible, might be comprehended, and might converse with men through His Flesh as through a veil, their mask and the drama which they represent is a pretty one, not to say that it was open to Him to converse with us in other ways, as of old, in the burning bush Exodus 3:2 and in the appearance of a man. Regrettably, I can't reply to every letter, but I greatly appreciate your feedback — especially notifications about typographical errors and inappropriate ads. Gregory selected some of his previously written epistles and arranged and published them in a collection to proclaim a certain image of himself. For how shall one thing contain two completenesses, either the house, the sunbeam and the sun, or the earth, the moisture and the river? We will teach them this also. The circumstances which called forth the two letters to Cledonius have already been described in the first section of the General Prolegomena, and it will not be necessary here to add much to what was there said. Therefore S. Gregory earnestly protests against any toleration being granted to these heretics, or even permission to hold their assemblies; for, he says, toleration or permission would certainly be regarded by them as a condonation of their doctrinal position, and a condemnation of that of the Church. Nay; He will come with His body— so I have learned— such as He was seen by His Disciples in the Mount, or as he showed Himself for a moment, when his Godhead overpowered the carnality. If He assumed the worse that He might sanctify it by His incarnation, may He not assume the better that it may be sanctified by His becoming Man? pages 155 -166 . But you are acting as if, when a man's eye had been injured and his foot had been injured in consequence, you were to attend to the foot and leave the eye uncared for; or as if, when a painter had drawn something badly, you were to alter the picture, but to pass over the artist as if he had succeeded. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data. Edited by Philip Schaff and Henry Wace. If any assert that the Manhood was formed and afterward was clothed with the Godhead, he too is to be condemned. We have protested and continue to protest this before God  and men. Contact information. [After Gregory resigned, under duress, his post at Constantinople, Theodore of Tyana and Bosporius of Colonia asked him to resume his duties at Nazianzus. And I say different Elements, because it is the reverse of what is the case in the Trinity; for There we acknowledge different Persons so as not to confound the persons; but not different Elements, for the Three are One and the same in Godhead. This, then, would be what He saves; and I have been deceived by the Truth, and led to boast of an honour which had been bestowed upon another. If any assert that He was made perfect by works, or that after His Baptism, or after His Resurrection from the dead, He was counted worthy of an adoptive Sonship, like those whom the Greeks interpolate as added to the ranks of the gods, let him be anathema. If anyone assert that His flesh came down from heaven, and is not from hence, nor of us though above us, let him be anathema. [haut - top] 200 9 - Ch. And not only so, but they also assert, as I am told, that they have been received by the Western Synod, by which they were formerly condemned, as is well known to everyone. . For it is evident that they can only have been so received as assenting to the Orthodox Faith, for this were an impossibility on any other terms. GREGORY OF NAZIANZUS’S RECEPTION OF ORIGEN: THE HISTORY, STRUCTURE, AND SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PHILOCALIA OF ORIGEN by Joey Cochran Th.M. And who will not marvel at their learning, in that on their own authority they divide the things of Christ, and assign to His Manhood such sayings as He was born, He was tempted, He was hungry, He was thirsty, He was wearied, He was asleep; but reckon to His Divinity such as these: He was glorified by Angels, He overcame the Tempter, He fed the people in the wilderness, and He fed them in such a manner, and He walked upon the sea; and say on the one hand that the Where have you laid Lazarus? John 1.1-14). The most grievous item of all in the woes of the Church is the boldness of the Apollinarians, whom your Holiness has overlooked, I know not how, when providing themselves with authority to hold meetings on an equality with myself. But they are deceived by the latter, and, therefore, they run to the flesh, because they do not know the custom of Scripture. As Gregory of Nazianzus stated, “That which is not assumed is not healed.” 2 If Christ was not human in the same way we are human, then we remain in bondage to our sins. CXXVI. Technically the See was vacant, but the administration had been committed to Gregory by the Bishops of the Province, and though he, foreseeing some such attempt on the part of the heretics, had been very earnest in pressing upon the Metropolitan and his Comprovincials the necessity of filling this throne by a canonical election, yet he was by no means prepared to hand over the authority, with which he had been invested, to an irregularly elected and uncanonically consecrated heretic. For we also think we have the spirit of God, 1 Corinthians 7:40 if indeed this is a gift of the Spirit, and not a human novelty. 2, 4, 8, 9, 10, 12, 24, 28, 34, 36), an epistle (Epist.101), and ''the Teaching". * 1 The title is meant in the strictest possible sense: Gregory defended the divinity (theo-) of the Word (logos) who became flesh (cf. Where in that case were His being handled after the Resurrection, or His being seen hereafter by them that pierced Him, for Godhead is in its nature invisible. And he puts forward as a witness to this monstrous assertion a garbled quotation from the Gospels, namely, No man has Ascended up into Heaven save He which came down from Heaven, even the Son of Man which is in Heaven. And not only so, but they also assert, as I am told, that they have been received by the Western Synod, by which they were formerly condemned, as is well known to everyone. What gregory of nazianzus epistle 101 my theory, who am but an ignorant man, and 13... 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